德国柏林Pflgewerk养老机构学习见闻分享

2019年9—12月,笔者参与了苏州大学与德国柏林Pflgewerk养老机构针对失能老年人居家照护课程研发与智慧化养老的交流项目,在学习与交流期间,德国完善的居家照护体系,先进适老辅具的研发与运用,系统规范的照护员培训课程,浓厚的人文关怀气氛与多学科团队合作的安宁疗护中心令笔者印象深刻。本文结合学习交流活动的亲身经历,...     

国家网络直报系统属地化数据交换与共享的设计与实现

为充分利用中国疾病预防控制中心建设的网络直报信息系统资源,避免重复建设,利用现有成熟的数据库数据交换和数据复制的解决方案,并辅助开发实现系统功能,国家与地方之间遵循统一规范的数据交换标准,建立数据交换接口,实现了属地化数据交换与共享。     

我国桑属（Morus L．）药用植物资源化学研究进展

我国已有5000年栽桑养蚕的文明史,是世界桑资源分布中心。目前的桑园面积达800万hm^2,2000万户农民从事栽桑养蚕,有利地促进了我国蚕丝产量占有国际70％-80％的份额。随着桑蚕产业的大力发展,近年来国内外科研工作者对桑资源研究取得了长足进展。基于中药资源化学研究思路与方法对桑资源性成分研究、动态评价以及桑资源的多途径、多层次开发利用研究等方面进行了较为系统归纳和总结,以期为桑资源产业链的发展提供依据与参考。     

Collection,verification, sharing and dissemination of data: the CONTRAST experience

The scientific community is charged with growing demands regarding the management of project data and outputs and the dissemination of key results to various stakeholders. We discuss experiences and lessons from CONTRAST, a multidisciplinary alliance that had been funded by the European Commission over a 4-year period, in order to optimize schistosomiasis control and transmission surveillance in sub-Saharan Africa. From the start, project partners from Europe and Africa set out an ambitious goal: to sample data following standard protocols at all field sites and then sharing the data in a way that would enable all project partners to have access through a password-protected Internet-based data portal. This required anonymous agreement on several common standardized sample forms, ranging from the mundane but important issue of using the same units of measurement to more complex challenges, for instance agreeing on the same protocols for double-treatment of praziquantel in different settings. With the experiences gained by the CONTRAST project, this paper discusses issues of data management and sharing in research projects in the light of the current donor demand, and offers advice and specific suggestions for similar interdisciplinary research projects.     

广东省结防机构卫生人力资源研究

目的了解目前广东省结防机构卫生人力资源现状,同时对卫生人力资源配置公平性进行评价。方法采用调查表对全省各级结防机构人力资源情况进行调查,使用洛伦茨曲线(Lorenz curve)和基尼系数(Ginicoefficient),从广东省地理分布和结核病人数量的角度,分析以结防机构卫生人力为代表的卫生资源配置的公平性。结果全省拥有各类结防人员2335名,平均年龄(39.01±9.72)岁,从事结防工作年限(13.05±8.47)年;职称构成比高级∶中级∶初级为1∶2.67∶7.60;卫生人力资源按地理分布和结核病人数的Gini系数为0.09和0.194。结论广东省各级结防机构人员平均年龄偏大,学历偏低,初级职称人员较多,卫生人力资源配置在地理分布和结核病人数方面配置已达到较好公平性。     

澳大利亚医疗资源互补共享合作模式对我国推行双向转诊工作的启示

本文借鉴澳大利亚的医疗资源互补共享合作模式，结合中国国情和上海市卫生系统的现状，提出在我国如何通过双向转诊制度达到互补，在卫生信息收集方面通过联系员制度实现共享。     

金佛山药用两栖类资源调查

此次调查共采集药用两栖动物标本258号,经详细整理鉴定为2目8科19属31种（亚种）,以无尾目的蛙科为主。根据物种组成和区系分析,金佛山的药用两栖动物主要区系成分为东洋界的华中区种,共13种,其物种的组成和区系成分与中国及四川省和重庆市的一致。本文中还介绍了金佛山主要的药用两栖动物种类、药用功效及分布等,并作了初步评价及建议。     

循证医学与电子信息资源

随着医学文献的与日俱增,如何在浩瀚的信息和文献海洋中筛选出最优的证据已成为实践循证医学所要解决的核心问题。随着计算机的日益普及,全球信息高速公路的发展,查找最佳证据不再仅停留在以手工操作咪主的印刷型资源中,电子信息资源成为查找医生证据的主要来源。本文介绍了电子信息资源在收集循证医学证据中的运用。     

Needle sharing among southern Thai drug injectors

Aim To examine factors associated with needle sharing among injecting drug users (IDU) in southern Thailand. Design Using a cross‐sectional survey, 272 active IDU were interviewed about their socio‐economic background, needle sharing and drug use patterns at six drug‐treatment clinics in southern Thailand. Findings Ninety‐one per cent of IDU gave a past history of ever sharing injecting equipment: of these, 23% currently injected but did not share and 68% still shared. Only 5% of participants knew that bleaching needles could reduce HIV transmission risks. Recent needle sharing was correlated with number of IDU friends (OR 12.23; CI, 5.24–28.51), engaging in illegal jobs (OR 2.74; CI, 1.13–6.67), being unable to use new needles at all times (OR 2.89; CI, 1.17–7.14) and believing that cleaning contaminated shared needles with at least plain water could reduce HIV transmission (OR 3.32; CI, 1.16–6.68). Conclusions Our data suggest that AIDS prevention efforts should focus on approaches to reduce needle sharing. Needle exchange programs, HIV counseling and testing and bleach distribution may reduce levels of needle‐sharing risks.